Menene harbin peening?

Har ila yau ana kiran harbin harbin harbin iska mai kama da fashewar yashi, amma abin da ake amfani da shi ya bambanta.Abrasive da ake amfani da shi wajen harbin harbi shine harbin karfe ko harbin gilashi maimakon yashi mai fashewa.Hoton harbi yana haifar da matsananciyar damuwa a ɓangaren ba tare da gurɓatar ƙura mai ɗauke da silicon ba.Ana amfani da shi musamman don haifar da damuwa a sassa don inganta ƙarfin gajiyarsu da juriya na damuwa, kuma yana da tasiri mai gyara akan karkatattun sassa na bakin ciki, kuma saman harbin harbi yana da laushi da laushi fiye da saman yashi.Ana amfani da leƙen harbe-harbe wani lokaci don samar da manyan sassa na aluminum mai bakin ciki.

Za a iya zubar da harbe-harbe harbin karfe, harbin karfe ko harbin gilashi, harbin yumbu.Harbin baƙin ƙarfe yana da tauri mai girma, amma yana da karye kuma yana da rauni, kuma ana amfani da shi musamman a wuraren da ake buƙatar ƙarfin haƙon harbi.Simintin gyare-gyaren ƙarfe yana da tauri mai kyau, rayuwarsa ta ninka ta harbin ƙarfe sau da yawa, kuma ana amfani da shi sosai.Harbin gilashi da harbin yumbu suna da taurin mafi ƙanƙanta kuma ana amfani da su musamman don bakin karfe, titanium, aluminum ko wasu sassan da ya kamata a guje wa gurɓataccen ƙarfe.Wani lokaci bayan harbin leƙen asiri tare da harbin ƙarfe na simintin gyare-gyare, harbin gilashi da harbin yumbu ana sake harbawa don cire gurɓataccen ƙarfe ko rage ƙarancin ƙasa.

Hoton harbi, wanda kuma aka sani da harbin harbi, yana ɗaya daga cikin ingantattun hanyoyin rage gajiyar sassa da inganta rayuwa.Hoton harbin shine a yi allurar kwararar majigi mai sauri zuwa saman sashin don lalata saman sashin da filastik don samar da wani yanki mai ƙarfi na wani kauri.An kafa babban danniya mai saura a cikin ƙarfafa Layer.Saboda kasancewar damuwa mai matsewa a saman sashin, ɓangaren damuwa na iya raguwa lokacin da sashin ke ɗaukar nauyi, ta haka yana inganta ƙarfin gajiyar sashin.

Ana amfani da leƙen harbe-harbe don cire sikeli, tsatsa, gyare-gyaren yashi da tsoffin fina-finan fenti a kan matsakaici da manyan samfuran ƙarfe tare da kauri wanda bai gaza 2mm ba ko waɗanda ba sa buƙatar ingantattun ma'auni da kwantena, da simintin gyare-gyare da ƙirƙira.Yana da hanyar tsaftacewa kafin rufin rufi (plating).Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin manyan wuraren jirage na jirgin ruwa, masana'antar injina masu nauyi, masana'antar mota, da sauransu.

Shot peening tsari ne na maganin sanyi wanda ake amfani dashi sosai don inganta juriyar gajiyar sassa na ƙarfe waɗanda aka daɗe suna fuskantar matsanancin damuwa na dogon lokaci, kamar injin injin injin jirgin sama, sassan tsarin tsarin jirgin sama, sassan watsa motoci, da sauransu.

Shot peening shi ne fesa kananan madauwari kafofin watsa labarai marasa adadi da ake kira harbin karfe a babban gudun kuma a ci gaba da kasancewa a karkashin cikakken yanayin sarrafawa, sannan a doke shi zuwa saman sashin, ta haka ne za a samar da ragowar matsa lamba a saman.Domin duk lokacin da aka yi harbin karfen da aka yi wa bangaren karfen, sai ya zama kamar karamar sanda ce ta bugi saman kasa, tana yin ’ya’ya kadan.Domin samar da ɓacin rai, dole ne a shimfiɗa saman ƙarfe.Ƙarƙashin ƙasa, hatsin da aka daskare suna ƙoƙarin mayar da farfajiyar zuwa siffar ta ta asali, suna haifar da kullun da ke da matukar damuwa.Matsalolin baƙin ciki da yawa sun zo juna don samar da wani nau'i na saura matsi na damuwa.A ƙarshe, ɓangaren yana kiyaye shi ta hanyar matsi na damuwa, wanda ke inganta juriya ga gajiya sosai kuma yana tsawaita rayuwar aiki mai aminci.

Babban rarrabuwa na peening harbi:

An kara raba leƙen harbi zuwa leƙen harbi da fashewar yashi.Maganin saman tare da harbin harbi yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi da tasirin tsaftacewa a bayyane.Duk da haka, jiyya na bakin ciki-faranti workpieces ta harbi peening ne mai sauki nakasawa da workpiece, da kuma karfe harbi hits surface na workpiece (ko harbi ayukan iska mai ƙarfi ko harbi peening) to nakasu da karfe substrate.Tun da Fe3O4 da Fe2O3 ba su da filastik, suna kwasfa bayan an karye su, kuma fim ɗin mai da substrate sun lalace tare, don haka don kayan aiki tare da tabo mai, fashewar fashewar harbi da harbe-harbe ba zai iya cire tabon mai gaba ɗaya ba.Daga cikin data kasance workpiece surface jiyya hanyoyin, sandblasting ne mafi kyau tsaftacewa sakamako.

Sandblasting ya dace don tsaftace farfajiyar aiki tare da manyan buƙatu.Duk da haka, galibin na'urorin fashewar yashi da ake amfani da su a kasarmu sun kunshi na'urori na zamani ne da manyan yashi kamar su auger, scraper, lift guga da dai sauransu.Mai amfani yana buƙatar gina rami mai zurfi kuma ya yi ruwa mai hana ruwa don shigar da injin.Kudin gine-gine yana da yawa, aikin kulawa da kuma farashin kulawa yana da yawa, kuma babban adadin ƙurar siliki da aka samu yayin aikin fashewar yashi ba zai iya cirewa ba, wanda ke matukar tasiri ga lafiyar masu aiki da kuma gurɓata yanayi..

An raba leƙen harbe-harbe zuwa ƙwarƙwarar harbi gabaɗaya da ƙwarƙwarar harbin damuwa.A cikin jiyya na gaba ɗaya, lokacin da farantin karfe yana cikin yanayin kyauta, buga cikin farantin karfe tare da harbin ƙarfe mai sauri don haifar da damuwa na farko a saman.Don rage yawan damuwa a kan saman farantin karfe a lokacin aiki da kuma ƙara yawan rayuwar sabis.Matsakaicin harbin damuwa shine a riga an lanƙwasa farantin karfe ƙarƙashin wani ƙarfi, sa'an nan kuma aiwatar da leƙen harbi.

Akwai nau'ikan harbi guda 4 (abrasive): Simintin ƙarfe, harbin ƙarfe, harbin gilashi, harbin yumbu:

1, harbin karfe

Its taurin ne kullum 40 ~ 50HRC.Lokacin sarrafa ƙananan karafa, za a iya ƙara taurin zuwa 57 ~ 62HRC.Simintin gyare-gyaren ƙarfe yana da kyaun tauri kuma ana amfani dashi ko'ina, kuma rayuwar sabis ɗin sa sau da yawa fiye da na simintin ƙarfe.

2, harbin karfe

Its taurin ne 58 ~ 65HRC, gaggautsa da sauki karya.Short life, ba a ko'ina amfani.Anfi amfani da shi don lokatai masu buƙatar tsananin peening harbi.

3, gilashin gilashi

Taurin ya yi ƙasa da na biyun da suka gabata, ana amfani da shi galibi don bakin karfe, titanium, aluminum, magnesium da sauran kayan da ba sa ba da izinin gurɓataccen ƙarfe, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don sarrafawa na biyu bayan harbin karfe don cire gurɓataccen ƙarfe da rage baƙin ƙarfe. gurbacewa.Fuskar bangon bangare.

4, kambun yumbu

Haɗin sinadarai na pellets yumbu kusan 67% ZrO2, 31% SiO2 da 2% Al2O3-based inclusions, waɗanda aka yi ta hanyar narkewa, atomizing, bushewa, zagaye, da sieving.Taurin ya yi daidai da HRC57 ~ 63. Abubuwan da ke da kyau sun fi girma yawa kuma mafi girma fiye da gilashi.An fara amfani da shi wajen ƙarfafa sassan jirgin sama a farkon shekarun 1980.Ƙwayoyin yumbu suna da ƙarfi mafi girma, tsawon rayuwar sabis da ƙananan farashi fiye da gilashin gilashi, kuma an ƙara su zuwa ƙarfafawa na ƙananan ƙarfe marasa ƙarfe irin su titanium alloys da aluminum gami.

Kayan aikin fashewar harbi:

1. Karfe ko ba karfe projectiles za a iya amfani da sabani don saduwa da daban-daban bukatun domin tsaftace farfajiya na workpiece;

2. Sassaucin tsaftacewa yana da girma, yana da sauƙi don tsaftace ciki da waje na kayan aiki masu rikitarwa da bango na ciki na kayan aikin bututu, kuma ba'a iyakance shi ta wurin ba, kuma ana iya sanya kayan aiki kusa da babban kayan aiki mai girma. ;

3. Tsarin kayan aiki yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi, zuba jari na dukan na'ura ba shi da ƙasa, sassan da aka sawa ba su da yawa, kuma farashin kulawa yana da ƙananan;

4. Dole ne a sanye shi da tashar kwampreshin iska mai ƙarfi.A ƙarƙashin yanayin tasirin tsaftacewa iri ɗaya, yawan amfani da makamashi yana da girma;

5. Tsarin tsaftacewa yana da sauƙi ga danshi da sauƙi don sake farfado da tsatsa;

6. Ƙarƙashin tsaftacewa mai sauƙi, yawancin masu aiki da babban ƙarfin aiki

Bambanci daga yashi:

Yashi mai fashewa vs harbi mai fashewa

Shot peening da sandblasting duka biyu amfani da high-matsi iska ko matsa iska a matsayin iko, da kuma busa shi a babban gudun tasiri surface na workpiece cimma tsaftacewa sakamako, amma sakamakon ya bambanta dangane da zaba matsakaici.Bayan sandblasting, datti a saman da workpiece an cire, da kuma surface yankin ya karu sosai, don haka ƙara bonding ƙarfi na workpiece da shafi / plating Layer.

Fuskar kayan aikin bayan yashi yana da ƙarfe, amma saboda saman yana da ƙarfi, hasken yana raguwa, don haka babu wani ƙarfe na ƙarfe, kuma saman duhu ne.

Bayan harbe-harbe, ana cire datti a saman kayan aikin, kuma saman kayan aikin yana da ƙanƙanta sosai kuma ba a sauƙaƙe ba.Yankin saman ya karu.Tun da farfajiyar kayan aikin ba ta lalace ba yayin aiki, yawan kuzarin da aka samu yayin aiki zai haifar da haɓaka saman matrix ɗin aikin.

Fuskar kayan aikin da aka harba peened shima na ƙarfe ne, amma saboda saman yana da siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar siffar zuwa .

Tsaftacewa ingancin matakin

a.Mafi kyawun matakin tsaftacewa (Sa3)

Ƙarfe mai tsabtaccen tsabta yana da cikakkiyar nau'i na azurfa-launin toka, tare da wani nau'i mai mahimmanci don inganta mannewa na shafi;

b.Matakan tsaftacewa sosai (Sa2.5)

Ƙarfe da aka tsaftace ba ta da maiko, datti, sikeli, tsatsa, samfuran lalata, oxides da sauran ƙazanta.An ba da izinin inuwa da bambance-bambancen launi saboda rashin cikakkiyar tsaftacewa, amma aƙalla 95% a kowace murabba'in inch Filayen da ke sama ya kai matakin tsaftacewa sosai, sauran kuma kawai yana da inuwa mai laushi da bambance-bambancen launi;

c, ƙarin ingantaccen matakin tsaftacewa

Babu mai, datti, tsatsa da sauran ƙazanta a kan tsabtataccen ƙarfe na ƙarfe, kuma ana cire sikelin oxide, tsatsa da tsohon fenti, kuma an ba da izinin inuwa kaɗan da bambance-bambancen launi saboda rashin cikawar cire tsatsa da sikelin oxide.Ba fiye da 33% a kowace murabba'in inch ba;idan lalatawar rami ya faru a saman karfe, ana barin ƙaramin tsatsa da tsohon fenti a cikin zurfin rami;

d.Matakan tsaftacewa mara cikakke

An tsabtace farfajiyar sosai don cire maiko, datti, ma'auni mai laushi da fenti mai laushi, da sikelin, tsatsa, fenti da sutura waɗanda aka haɗa su da ƙarfi kuma ba za a iya cire su ba tare da spatula mai kaifi sosai ana barin su kasance bayan tsaftacewa a saman. .Ƙarfe mai yawa da aka rarraba daidai gwargwado suna bayyana a saman.[3]

Ƙunƙarar saman

Ƙunƙarar yanayi da tsaftar sararin samaniya suna faruwa a lokaci ɗaya, kuma ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun yanayin da ya dace yana da mahimmanci kamar ƙayyade ainihin buƙatun tsabta.

Matsayin rashin daidaituwa

1) Ƙara ainihin yanki na haɗin gwiwa tsakanin sutura da farfajiyar aikin aiki, wanda ke da amfani don inganta ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa;

2) Rubutun zai haifar da damuwa mai yawa na ciki a lokacin aikin warkarwa, kuma kasancewar rashin ƙarfi zai iya kawar da damuwa da damuwa a cikin sutura kuma ya hana sutura daga fashewa;

3) Kasancewar rashin ƙarfi na iya tallafawa ingancin wani ɓangaren fenti, wanda ke da fa'ida don kawar da abin da ke faruwa na sagging, musamman ga saman fenti a tsaye.

Abubuwan da ke shafar taurin kai sune kamar haka:

1) The barbashi size, taurin da barbashi siffar abrasive;

2) Taurin kayan aikin da kanta;

3) Matsi da kwanciyar hankali na iska mai matsawa;

4) Nisa tsakanin bututun ƙarfe da saman aikin aiki da kusurwar tsakanin bututun ƙarfe da farfajiyar aiki.

Matsaloli da dama da suka danganci rashin ƙarfi na sama:

1) Tsawon lokacin tsaftacewa yana da kusan kome ba tare da rashin daidaituwa ba;

2) Ƙaƙwalwar da ke tsakanin bututun ƙarfe da saman zai yi tasiri ga rashin ƙarfi, amma canjin ba a bayyane yake ba tsakanin digiri 45 da digiri 90;

3) Tsaftace tsaftataccen tsafta tare da abrasives masu girma-girma na iya inganta ingantaccen aiki, amma yanayin yanayin zai zama babba.Nazarin ya nuna cewa abrasives tare da girman barbashi sama da 1.2mm suna haifar da ƙimar rashin ƙarfi.Sake tsaftacewa tare da babban ƙazanta tare da ƙananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.